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福建专升本考试,大学英语是每个类别必考的。而英语这门科目,词语用法与语法结构是重要的考核内容。易考网小编接下来将语法相关知识点进行整理,方便同学们学习。今天分享的是状语从句。
状语从句
用来修饰主句中的动词,副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。
根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句,地点状语从句,条件状语从句, 原因状语从句,结果状语从句,比较状语从句,目的状语从句,让步状语从句。
>>> 状语从句常用连词:
>>> 状语从句的分类
1. 时间状语从句
(1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。
例:It was raining hard when got to school yesterday.
(2)在时间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态,用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
例:I'll ring you up as soon as I get to New York.
3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。
例:The young man read till the light went out.
2. 条件状语从句
(1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。
例:What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?
(2)在条件状语从句里,谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
例:I'll help you with your English if I am free tomorrow.
(3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。
例:Hurry up, or you'll be late.
=If you don't hurry up, you'll be late.
3. 原因状语从句
(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。
例:He didn't come to school because he was ill.
2)because表示直接原因,语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题,只能用because。
As和since语气较弱,一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。
例:------Why aren't going there?
------Because I don't want to.
As he has no car, he can't get there easily.
Since we have no money, we can't buy it.
(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。
4. 结果状语从句
(1)结果状语从句由so…that, such…that, so that引导。例:He is so poor that he can't buy a bike for his son.
(2)so…that语such...that可以互换。例如:
在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中,so是副词,与形容词连用。其结构是: “...so + 形容词(副词)+ that + 从句”。
例:He was so glad that he couldn't say a word.
(3)如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时,只能用so, 不用such。
例:Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.
5. 比较状语从句
比较状语从句通常由as… as, 比较级 + than…等连词引导。
例:Tom runs faster than John does.
6. 目的状语从句
目的状语从句通常由 so that, in order that引导。
例:We started early so that we could catch the first train.
7. 让步状语从句
(1)让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导。
例:Though he is young, he knows a lot.
(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。
例:我们不能说:Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.
应该说:Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out.
8. 地点状语从句
地点状语从句常常由where来引导。
例:Go where you like.
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